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Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Impacts due to development has been a concern since 1970’s across the world. Various countries adopted different approaches to reduce these impacts, which were formalized as Regulations, Rules and Acts. In India, though the Environmental Impacts due to various developmental projects were known, yet the Bhopal Gas Tragedy in 1984 was the major catalyst to formulate regulations to safeguard our Environment.
In 1986, Environment (Protection) Act was enforced as an Umbrella Act to cover all Environmental Impacts due to the development. In 1994, the first Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation was formulated under the EP Act. After a decade of study of various loopholes in the regulation, it was decided to restructure the regulation and the new regulation was enforced in 2004. This was further amended and the final notification was enforced in 2006.
Environmental Impact Assessment is a tool to identify Impacts arising out of a developmental projects as well as the impact of it’s surroundings on the project. The EIA Notification identified 39 different sectors in which developmental projects require a prior Environmental Clearance. The prior Environmental Clearance is a locational Clearance and requires to confirm the location and the project design prior to application for the clearance. The Government of India has prepared technical guidelines suggesting which framework to be used for conducting EIA under specific sectors.
The quality of EIA was a major concern for the MoEF & CC and they tied up with Quality Council of India (QCI) under National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (NABET) for capacity development and training the groups/Institutes/Companies for conducting quality EIAs.
BEIPL is category A Consultant in 8 such sectors and have conducted credible EIAs and provided adequate measures for various clients to ensure the Environmental Impacts arising out of their development are within a specific limit and the Sustainable Development Goals are achieved.
Though, the EIA framework used for getting Environmental Clearance in India is governed by the EIA Notification 2006, for Internationally funded projects, there are specific criteria and frameworks identified by the respective funding agencies. Accordingly, different standards have to be adopted for these specific EIAs. BEIPL has vast experience of conducting such EIAs that are required by agencies like JICA, World bank, ADB, IMF, Etc.
BEIPL believes in rigorous field studies supplemented by primary and secondary data and processing this data through various established models for determining the level of impacts. Ecology and Biodiversity Impacts, Air Quality & it’s management, Social Impacts along with rehabilitation & resettlement, Water & Noise Pollution and Disaster Management are key strengths of BEIPL Team. We have resolved critical issues like projects passing through important Bird areas, Ecological Sensitive areas and projects having impacts on large number of people without compromising on their rights and livelihood.
Services offered:
Site survey: Site survey is necessary for understanding the background information on the project. This helps in understanding the project, screening and scoping the EIA/SIA study.
EIA report: EIA study needs to be carried out in accordance with EIA notification, 2006 and amendments. It mainly includes; Primary and Secondary data collection, primary data will be collected through field surveys and monitoring and collected data set will be analysed through NABL accredited laboratories. Various aspects covered under EIA study include; air, water, noise, soil, ecology and biodiversity, land use/land cover, socio-economic. Data will be analysed and project impacts shall be assessed by developing an impact matrix
SIA report: A Social Impact Assessment is a process of research, planning and the management of social change or consequences (positive and negative, intended and unintended) arising from policies, plans, developments and projects. SIA calls for close collaboration with community members, as well as other stakeholders and experts.
Resettlement & Rehabilitation studies: People are forced to move out of their land due to both natural and manmade disasters and also during the process of land acquisition and development process. Resettlement refers to the process of settling again in a new area. Rehabilitation means restoration to the former state. Resettlement and rehabilitation studies deals with understanding issues related to resettlement and rehabilitation, and finding suitable resettlement and rehabilitation options.
Allied studies: Along with EC, EIA studies, other allied studies to be carried out which include traffic study, wind shadow study, carbon footprint study, thermal study.
Environmental Management Plan (EMP): The primary goal of the environmental management system and plan is to minimize negative effects while maximising the potential benefits of the project. The environmental management plan consists of a set of mitigation, management, monitoring, and institutional measures to be taken during project implementation and operation to eliminate or reduce negative environmental impacts to acceptable levels. EMP covers mitigation measures for each of the activities which cause environmental impacts. Roles and responsibilities and resource allocation for monitoring. Monitoring plans for checking activities and environmental parameters and monitoring responsibilities. EMP is to be prepared for construction as well operation phase.
Environmental Monitoring: Environmental monitoring includes; air monitoring, water monitoring, noise monitoring, biodiversity.
