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Eco System Planning And Management
An ecosystem consists of all the organisms and the physical environment within which they interact. Ecosystem contains biotic or living components as well as abiotic factors or non-living components. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Every factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly. Sir Arthur George Tansley (1871 –1955), English botanist who introduced the concept of the ecosystem into biology.
Ecosystem is important for;
- Regulation of essential ecological processes, supporting life systems and renders stability.
- Responsible for cycling of nutrients between biotic and abiotic components.
- Maintaining a balance among the various trophic levels in the ecosystem.
- Cycling the minerals through the biosphere.
- Abiotic components help in the synthesis of organic components that involve the exchange of energy.
Ecosystem based planning seeks to identify and understand the important ecological characteristics of landscape or region and then to design plans to guide the development of ecologically responsible human activities. Eco system management refers to approaches ranging from simply considering the impact of a management decision on other elements of the ecosystem to optimization of management strategies to meet management goals of all elements of an ecosystem. The idea of ecosystem planning and management is based on the context of natural resource conservation and pollution reduction.
Services offered under the umbrella of ECOSYSTEM PLANNING & MANAGEMENT
CRZ clearances The Environment Ministry came up with the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ rules) under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The rule was notified in 2011. The objective of CRZ rules is to protect the CRZ rules to protect coastal ecosystems by regulating human and industrial activities near the coastline. In 2018, the government issued the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2018 to remove restrictions on building, streamlining the clearance process and increasing tourism in the coastal areas. As per the CRZ rules, the coastal areas of creeks, seas, bays, rivers and backwaters that get affected by tides up to 500 metres from the high tide line (HTL) and the land area between the low tide line (LTL) and the high tide line are declared as coastal regulation zone (CRZ). State governments are responsible for preparing Coastal Management Plans (CZMP) and implementing the CRZ rules through their respective Coastal Zone Management Authorities.
Habitat Survey & Management Habitat survey is a method of gathering information about the ecology of a site. Habitat survey helps in managing ecosystem and biodiversity. It is necessary to understand the developmental impacts on various habitats in the ecosystem. Potential impacts are identified, measured to avoid, mitigate or compensate for negative impacts
Mangrove Management & Restoration Mangroves are a taxonomically diverse group of tree, shrub, and fern species that grow in anoxic and saline peaty soils on sheltered, tropical coasts. Mangroves share a suite of genetic, morphological, physiological, and functional traits that provide one of the most convincing cases for convergent evolution among diverse taxa in response to similar environmental constraints. The issue of mangrove restoration is critical today since mangrove forests are being lost very quickly. Various developmental activities such as tourism, housing, development of aquaculture, salt production, for agriculture, and livestock pasture. Mangroves are sensitive ecosystems which change dynamically in response to storms, sediment blockage, and fluctuations in sea level. Different restoration approaches are there for mangrove restoration. Mangrove restoration is about recovering the former situation; it is the regeneration of mangrove ecosystems in areas where they were previously situated. Rehabilitated and restored mangrove ecosystems have important ecological, economic, and social values for coastal communities.
